Transfer



April 17, 1934. W. s. LAWRENCE 1,954,878

TRANSFER Filed April 16, 1952 Nlmmmmmmmm Patented Apr. 17, 1934 AUNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE assignor to Kaumagraph Company, New York,

N. Y., a corporation of New York Application April 16, 1932, Serial No. 605,595

6 Claims. (Cl. 41-33) My invention relates to a new and improved transfer.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a new and improved transfer of the type which is applied by heat and pressure, -and without the use of any moisture.

Another object of my invention is to improve the type of transfer which is disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 1,596,545.

Another object of my invention is to provide a transfer having a marking of such composition that said marking is a dye resist.

Another object of my invention is to provide a resist transfer whose marking composition is very stable, non-sticky, and resistant to the various operations to which natural silk is subjected, so that said marking composition can be applied to the raw silk and will not be removed o by the boiling off, loading, bleaching and dyeing of the silk.

Another object of my invention is to produce a transfer of this type which will show plainly upon the silk goods, even if the silk goods are dyed with a black or other dark colors.

Other objects of my invention will be set forth in the following description and drawing, it being understood that the above general statement of the objects of my invention is intended to generally illustrate the same, without limiting it in any manner.

Fig. l diagrammatically shows the improved transfer. This figure shows the base of the transfer which is usually a paper ribbon, and the layer of marking composition on said ribbon.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-section of one form of cut or die.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic cross-section of another form of cut or die.

Fig. 4 shows how the transfer is applied to the silk or other material. This shows how the fabric is placed with its lower surface upon the coated side of the transfer, and it also shows how the upper or free face of the fabric is pressed with a hot die.

In U. S. Patent No. 1,596,454, I have disclosed the use .of 'cellulose acetate which is a useful material for making transfers when it is combined with a plasticizing agent which renders it semi-fusible. For many years, there has been a demand for a transfer having a marking composition which can be used to mark silk in the grey, both when the silk is in the form of a flat fabric and when the silk is in the form of a fabricated article such as hosiery. It is highly desirable to provide a transfer which can be used to mark natural silk which is very hard and wiry, and which is coated with a natural infusible wax` which is called sericin or silk glue. Since natural silk is boiled off, loaded, bleached, and dyed, the marking composition of the transfer must be very resistant.

The improved transfer may be made by printing upon a suitable base, such as paper, by means 5 of an improved composition, a practical example of which is given as follows, it being understood that this example is merely illustrative and that the invention is not to be limited to the ingredients and/or proportions specified hereinzv 70 English Vermilion can be substituted for the cadmium selenide.

The triacetin is an excellent solvent for cellulose acetate, so that the triacetin functions as a plasticizer. Cellulose acetate is practically infusible and hence the composition must have a suitable quantity of fusible material therein, in order to produce a transfer of the type desired.

In boiling-off silk, it is the practice to heat the 35 silk in one or more strong soap solutions. While triacetin` is only slightly soluble in water, it is sufficiently soluble in strong soap solution so that the triacetin is removed during the boiling-off operation, and the marking composition is left upon the fibre in a very resistant and infusible condition. When the impression is made upon the silk, prior to the boiling-off, the triacetin causes themarking to adhere to the silk so that the removal of the sericin does not cause the removal of the impressed marking. That is, the triacetin either dissolves or. penetrates the silkglue or sericin, so that the marking adheres to the fibre, even when the serlcin is removed during the boiling-off operation. This is an important advantage. The high phenol resin which is above referred to is a phenolic resin of the phenol-formaldehyde condensation type having a high percentage of phenol, and substantially free from other diluting gums and oils. 105 Said resin has a relatively low melting point, from 'IiP-75 C., it has good resistance to water and alkali, and it is a solvent for cellulose acetate. The cellulose acetate is an ester of cellulose with acetic acid, and I prefer to use the low viscosity type which is comparable to half second nitro cellulose. Otherwise the cellulose acetate is the same as any other cellulose acetate of the well-known types and this material is relatively infusible but is soluble in a limited number of known materials.

The triacetin and the resin are heated together to a temperature of about 250 C., until they begin' to fume strongly. The cellulose acetate is then added in with stirring and with gentle heating at a temperature of about 150 C. until all the cellulose acetate has been dissolved. The pigment is then added with suitable stirring.

This Aimproved composition has the general properties specified in Patent No. 1,596,545, and in addition, it is very stable, non-sticky, and it is resistant to the boiling-off and other operations above mentioned.

This is the first composition which will mark raw silk and will withstand the boiling-olf operations and the other operations mentioned. While dye resist transfers have heretofore been suggested, they have not been able to stand the boiling olf and other operations.

Instead of impressing a trade-mark or design upon the paper base, the paper base of the transfer can be covered with a solid or continuous surface layer of the above mentioned composition. Numbers and other identifying marks can be impressed upon the goods by pressing a suitable heated die against the rear of the transfer base, instead of applying heat and pressure by means of an ordinary fiat iron. In order to apply the transfer, I prefer to place the transfer on a suitable support with its marked side in the upper position, then place the fabric upon the transfer, and then press the back of the fabric with a heated iron or die.

This method of applying the transfer is illustrated in Fig. 4 and is particularly suitable for applying the transfer to thin fabric. I do not wish to exclude from the invention the conventional method of applying the transfer in which the heated iron is pressed against the back of the transfer.

In order to prevent the ink from concentrating about the edges of the design (trade-mark, identifying number, identifying marking, etc.), I prefer to use a cut or heated die whose cross section is of the type shown in Fig. 2. A cut of the type shown in Fig. 3 may be used for stamping on thick fabrics and on hosiery.

The improved marking composition is slowly fusible and gummy when it is applied and it does not spread too much when it is applied and it does not disappear into black goods.

I have shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, but it is clear that numerous changes and omiss'ions could be made without departing from itsr spirit.

I claimz- 1. A heat transfer which includes a base having a marking composition, said marking position containing a substantially infusible cellulose derivative, said marking composition also containing a fusible material which melts at a lower temperature than said cellulose derivative, said composition also containing a plasticizlng agent for said cellulose derivative, said plasti'ci-v ing agent being able to penetrate silk glue, under the inuence of dry heat and pressure.

2. A heat transfer which includes a base having a marking composition, said marking composition containing a substantially infusible cellulose f derivative, said marking composition also containing a fusible material which melts at a lower temperature than said cellulose derivative, said composition also containing a plasticizing agent for said cellulose derivative, said plasticizing agent being able to penetrate silk glue, under the influence of dry heat and pressure, said plasticizing agent being soluble in soap solution.

3. A heat transfer which includes a base having a marking composition, said marking composition containing a substantially infusible cellulose de rivative, said marking composition also containing a fusible material which melts at a lower temperature than said cellulose derivative, said composition also containing a plasticizing agent for said cellulose derivative, said plasticizing' agent being able to penetrate silk glue under the iniiuence of dry heat and pressure, said plasticizing agent being triacetin.

4. A heat transfer which includes a base having a marking composition, said marking composition containing a substantially infusible cellulose derivative, said marking composition also containing a fusible material which melts at a lower temperature than said cellulose derivative, said composition also containing a plasticizing agent for said cellulose derivative, said plasticizing agent being able to penetrate silk glue under` the influence of dry heat and pressure, said fusible material being a resin and said plasticizing agent being triacetin.

5. A transfer comprising a base having a marking composition thereon, said marking composition including cellulose acetate and a phenolformaldehyde condensation resin, said marking composition also including triacetin. said resin being a solvent for the cellulose acetate and having a melting point below C. and being resistant to water and to alkali.

6. A transfer comprising a base having a marking composition thereon, said marking composition including cellulose acetate and a resin in which said cellulose acetate is soluble, said marking composition also including a plasticizing agent for the cellulose acetate, said plasticizing agent being capable of penetrating silk glue under the action of dry heat and pressure, said plasticizing agent being soluble in soap solution.

WINTHROP STANLEY LAWRENCE. 

